Viceroys are individuals appointed by the Senate to manage the affairs of both budding habitable worlds and systems where the Umbrian presence is confined to artificial habitations, and therefore considered impermanent. They serve a standard term of four years, though that term can be renewed at the Senate's discretion.

The Umbrian Republic is the central government of the Umbrian people, the organizational force which serves as the foundation of their society. Centered on their home world of Umbria, the Republic represents over one hundred and fifty billion people, spread across 80 habitable worlds and hundreds of lesser outposts.

Each system colonized by the Umbrian Republic has a chief executive responsible for the management of that solar system, whether the Umbrian presence includes terrestrial colonies on habitable worlds or isolated stations and outposts located near valuable resources.

At the dawn of the Umbrian Republic, its founding statesmen believed that executive authority was too great, and too prone to corruption, to rest in a single person. Instead, they devised a system whereby those responsibilities would be split between three equals, and decisions reached by majority vote.

The image of the Senator as a selfless public servant has been significantly strained over the last few decades, and scandals and corruption have become increasingly frequent amongst the Republic's senatorial class.

The Senate is the Republic's legislative body, responsible for creating the common laws and regulations which apply to each Umbrian, regardless of which planet or system they occupy. Originally idealized as a 'citizens' assembly, the Senate's members are elected by broad bodies of constituents, for whom the senators serve as representatives in the deliberative process of governance.