The Army's officer corps is divided into four primary ranks and a number of specialized secondary ranks. Every officer graduated from one of a handful of military academies, specialized universities which prepared their candidates for the role of leading soldiers in battle.

The War Council is a body of senior military leaders who are responsible for advising the Senate and the Triumvirate on military matters. Originally consisting of ten people, the Council is made up of the Magistrates of the Army and Navy, the army group commanders, or Praetors, and various other administrators responsible for ensuring that the military is well equipped, trained, and ready to face the Republic's adversaries.

In the centuries prior to the onset of the war with the Ascomanni, the Umbrian Republic Navy struggled to define a doctrine that they believed would best prepare them for any future extraterrestrial conflict. This paralysis encompassed not only how the Navy would fight these potential adversaries, but stretched all the way into the organizational and command structure of the Navy itself.

The pride of the Republic's military establishment, the Umbrian Republic Army, often abbreviated as the URA, is the largest branch of the service and is responsible for all terrestrial combat operations. Formed in the immediate aftermath of Umbrian unification and the formation of the Republic, the URA has a long and storied history which it has maintained for nearly a millennia.

Confident that they would inevitably encounter alien life in the vast expanses of the greater galaxy, the Umbrian Republic saw the maintenance of a strong military as a prudent step to safeguard their society. With the sudden and unprovoked attack by the Ascomanni, that prudence would ensure that the Republic did not immediately succumb to their alien adversaries.

By the time war broke out, URN doctrine had crystalized into several key elements, with specific responsibilities assigned to warships created for those intended purposes. These responsibilities would detail how the various components of the fleet worked together, and the roles specific warships and other craft would play in conducting offensive and defensive operations in defense of the Republic.